Left colic artery

Sub-branch · Descending colon Splenic flexure

First branch of the IMA, running to the left retroperitoneally across the left ureter and gonadal vessels. Its ascending branch reaches the splenic flexure to meet the middle colic (marginal artery); its descending branch supplies the descending colon and joins the first sigmoid artery.

Traced from the start

  1. Abdominal aorta
  2. Inferior mesenteric artery
  3. Left colic artery

Detail

Supplies
Distal third of the transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon
Anastomoses
Ascending branch with the middle colic at Griffiths' point
Relations
Left ureter and gonadal vessels pass beneath it

When it goes wrong

IMA occlusion (atheroma, ligation at aortic surgery)

Descending colon depends on retrograde flow from the middle colic through the marginal artery; when that link is deficient the splenic flexure and descending colon become ischaemic

Left hemicolectomy

The left ureter lies beneath the left colic pedicle and must be identified before the vessels are ligated

Practise this structure

1 question in the bank tagged Large Bowel.