Otic ganglion

Ganglion · CN IX Lesser petrosal Foramen ovale

Sits just below the foramen ovale on the medial side of the mandibular nerve. Receives the lesser petrosal nerve (CN IX) and hands its postganglionic fibres to the auriculotemporal nerve for the parotid gland — the only head ganglion fed by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

Traced from the start

  1. Parasympathetic (craniosacral) outflow
  2. Superior and inferior salivatory nuclei (CN VII and IX)
  3. Otic ganglion

Detail

Preganglionic route
Inferior salivatory nucleus → CN IX → tympanic nerve (Jacobson) → tympanic plexus on the promontory → lesser petrosal nerve → foramen ovale → otic ganglion
Postganglionic distribution
Auriculotemporal nerve (V3) → parotid gland
Neighbours
Lies between V3 and tensor veli palatini; the nerve to medial pterygoid passes through it

When it goes wrong

Parotidectomy severs auriculotemporal parasympathetic fibres, which regenerate into sweat glands and vessels of the overlying skin (both cholinergic)

Frey syndrome: gustatory sweating and flushing of the cheek while eating, months after surgery

Practise this structure

4 questions in the bank tagged Cranial Nerves.