Submandibular ganglion

Ganglion · CN VII Chorda tympani Lingual nerve

Hangs from the lingual nerve on hyoglossus, above the deep part of the submandibular gland. Preganglionic fibres arrive in chorda tympani, which left the facial nerve in the middle ear and joined the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa.

Traced from the start

  1. Parasympathetic (craniosacral) outflow
  2. Superior and inferior salivatory nuclei (CN VII and IX)
  3. Submandibular ganglion

Detail

Preganglionic route
Superior salivatory nucleus → chorda tympani → crosses the tympanic membrane medially → petrotympanic fissure → joins lingual nerve (V3) 2 cm below the skull base
Postganglionic distribution
Direct branches to the submandibular gland; fibres rejoining the lingual nerve to the sublingual and anterior lingual glands
Sympathetic passers-by
Fibres from the plexus on the facial artery pass through to constrict gland vessels

When it goes wrong

Middle ear surgery, cholesteatoma or a facial canal lesion damaging chorda tympani

Ipsilateral loss of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue with reduced submandibular and sublingual salivation

Submandibular gland excision or a floor of mouth procedure injuring the lingual nerve

Numbness of the ipsilateral anterior tongue with loss of taste and dry mouth on that side

Practise this structure

2 questions in the bank tagged Facial Nerve.