Internodal pathways (anterior, middle, posterior)

Atrial conduction

Three preferential routes through right atrial myocardium — anterior, middle (Wenckebach) and posterior (Thorel, along the crista terminalis) — carrying the sinus impulse to the AV node in about 30–50 ms. They are functional pathways defined by fibre orientation, not insulated bundles.

Traced from the start

  1. Sinoatrial node
  2. Internodal pathways (anterior, middle, posterior)

Detail

Conduction velocity
~1 m/s, the fastest atrial tissue; the impulse reaches the AV node about 40 ms after sinus discharge
Supplies
Ordered delivery of the impulse to the AV node's superior (fast pathway) and inferior (slow pathway) inputs
Anatomy
The anterior pathway gives off Bachmann's bundle to the left atrium; the posterior pathway runs in the crista terminalis and passes the coronary sinus ostium

When it goes wrong

Ectopic focus or micro-re-entry along the crista terminalis

Focal atrial tachycardia: abnormal P wave morphology before every QRS, 'warm-up' onset; adenosine-induced AV block unmasks but does not terminate it

Practise this structure

2 questions in the bank tagged Cardiac Conduction.