Nucleus gracilis and cuneatus to internal arcuate fibres (sensory decussation, caudal medulla)

Decussation · caudal medulla crosses here

The first synapse of the dorsal column pathway is in the nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus of the closed (caudal) medulla. Second-order axons sweep ventromedially as the internal arcuate fibres and cross the midline just rostral to the pyramidal decussation, forming the medial lemniscus of the opposite side.

Traced from the start

  1. Cutaneous mechanoreceptors (Meissner, Pacinian, Merkel, Ruffini)Proprioceptors (muscle spindle, Golgi tendon organ, joint receptors)
  2. Fasciculus gracilis (medial dorsal column)Fasciculus cuneatus (lateral dorsal column)
  3. Nucleus gracilis and cuneatus to internal arcuate fibres (sensory decussation, caudal medulla)

Detail

Second-order cell bodies
Nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus
Level
Caudal medulla, just rostral to the pyramidal decussation
Result
Medial lemniscus is contralateral to the receptor

When it goes wrong

Any dorsal column lesion below the medulla (spinal cord)

Vibration and joint position sense are lost on the same side as the lesion, because the fibres have not yet crossed

Any lesion above the decussation (medial lemniscus, thalamus, cortex)

Vibration and joint position sense are lost on the opposite side

Practise this structure

1 question in the bank tagged Brainstem.