Breathless lying flat with swollen ankles - Emergency Department

CurtinYear 515 min + 2 min readingCardiovascularStandardPre-internship
  • Focused history
  • Focused examination (cardiovascular and respiratory, fluid status)
  • Request investigations
  • Dx + differentials
  • Initial Mx

Ready

2 min reading, 15 min station, warning at 2 min

Focus the timer and press Space to start or pause.

Station - Instructions for candidate

You are an intern working in the Emergency Department of a metropolitan hospital in Perth. It is 10 am.

Kavya Patel, 70, has come in because for two weeks she has been increasingly breathless, especially lying down, and her ankles have swollen. She had a heart attack four years ago. She is sitting up on the trolley and is comfortable talking. The triage nurse has recorded observations.

Triage note70 F. Two weeks of breathlessness worse lying flat, ankle swelling. Previous heart attack with stent 2022. Medicines as per patient: aspirin, atorvastatin. Category 3.
ObservationsHR 96 /min regular, BP 148/88 mmHg, RR 22 /min, SpO2 92% on room air, T 36.8 degrees C, weight 72 kg

Your tasks are to:

  1. Take a focused history.
  2. Perform a focused examination of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and her fluid status. Verbalise each step and the examiner will provide findings.
  3. Request the investigations you need and interpret the results the examiner provides.
  4. State your most likely diagnosis, the precipitating factors, and the differential diagnoses to the examiner.
  5. Outline your initial management plan to the examiner, including drug doses and the treatment you would plan once she is stable, and explain the plan to Mrs Patel.
  • You do NOT need to summarise your history and examination findings to the examiner.
  • State drug, dose and route where relevant.
  • A stethoscope, tape measure and torch are on the table.

This is a 15-minute station, with 2 minutes of reading time.

Ask the examiner

Say what you want out loud, then open it below. Each result stays hidden until you reveal it.

Investigations

Ask for a category the way you would in the station: β€œCan I have the obs and a set of bloods?”

Examination

Say what you would examine and how; the examiner reports what you would find.

After treatment

Once you have acted, ask how the patient has responded.

Generated by AI for practice; check doses and pathways against eTG / AMH before relying on them.