Explaining a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and starting metformin - GP

CurtinYear 510 min + 2 min readingEndocrine & metabolicStandardPre-internship
  • Focused history
  • Explain results
  • Medication counselling

Ready

2 min reading, 10 min station, warning at 2 min

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Station - Instructions for candidate

You are a junior doctor working in a general practice in Perth.

Hao Lim, a 49-year-old fly-in fly-out electrician, has come to discuss blood results from his mine-site medical last week. The site doctor told him his 'sugar was up' and asked him to see his GP. The results are printed below. He flies out for his next two-week swing in three days. The practice nurse has recorded his observations.

Observations (practice nurse)BP 138/86 mmHg, HR 78 /min, weight 96 kg, height 176 cm, BMI 31 kg/m2, waist 108 cm

Results provided:

Fasting bloods from the mine-site medical (7 days ago)

Fasting bloods from the mine-site medical (7 days ago)
ItemValueReference range
HbA1c8.1% (65 mmol/mol)<6.0% (diagnostic threshold 6.5%)
Fasting plasma glucose8.6 mmol/L3.5-5.4 mmol/L (diagnostic threshold 7.0 mmol/L)
Total cholesterol5.8 mmol/L<5.5 mmol/L
LDL cholesterol3.6 mmol/L<2.0 mmol/L
HDL cholesterol0.9 mmol/L>1.0 mmol/L
Triglycerides2.4 mmol/L<2.0 mmol/L
Creatinine84 umol/L60-110 umol/L
eGFR88 mL/min/1.73m2>90 mL/min/1.73m2
Urine albumin-creatinine ratio1.8 mg/mmol<2.5 mg/mmol
ALT52 U/L<40 U/L
GGT68 U/L<60 U/L

Your tasks are to:

  1. Take a focused history relevant to these results and to starting treatment.
  2. Explain the results and what they mean to Mr Lim in plain language.
  3. Counsel him on starting metformin, including how to take it, side effects, what to do when unwell, and the follow-up and monitoring he will need.
  • You do NOT need to examine the patient.
  • You do NOT need to summarise your findings to the examiner.
  • You do not need to write a prescription or a care plan in this station.

This is a 10-minute station, with 2 minutes of reading time.

Generated by AI for practice; check doses and pathways against eTG / AMH before relying on them.