Posterior descending (posterior interventricular) artery

Branch · Right dom. 70-85% Left dom. 5-10% Co-dom. ~10%

Runs in the posterior interventricular groove toward the apex. Whichever artery gives it defines dominance: the RCA in about 70 to 85% (right dominant), the circumflex in 5 to 10% (left dominant), and both in the remainder (co-dominant).

Traced from the start

  1. Right (anterior) aortic sinus
  2. Left (posterior) aortic sinus and left main stem
  3. Right coronary arteryLeft circumflex artery
  4. Posterior descending (posterior interventricular) artery

Detail

Origin
RCA in right dominance; circumflex in left dominance; both in co-dominance
Supplies
Inferior (diaphragmatic) LV wall, posterior third of the septum, posteromedial papillary muscle
Dominance also decides
Which artery gives the AV nodal artery and the posterolateral branches

When it goes wrong

Inferior MI infarcting the posteromedial papillary muscle, which has a single supply from the PDA

Papillary muscle rupture on day 2 to 7: sudden severe mitral regurgitation, flash pulmonary oedema and a new pansystolic murmur

Circumflex occlusion in a left-dominant patient

Combined lateral and inferior infarction with AV nodal ischaemia; a much larger infarct than expected from the circumflex alone

Practise this structure

1 question in the bank tagged Coronary Circulation.