Acute kidney and urinary tract conditions

An 88-year-old woman in residential aged care has had an indwelling urethral catheter for eight months for a neurogenic bladder, and it will be needed indefinit…

Pre-internship · middle twist

A 68-year-old man with a recent transurethral resection of a bladder tumour presents with worsening suprapubic pain and inability to pass urine. He has passed b…

Clinical rotations · middle twist

A 29-year-old woman at 25 weeks of pregnancy presents with right flank pain, rigors and vomiting. Her temperature is 39.2°C, pulse 132/min and blood pressure 92…

Clinical rotations · middle twist

A 58-year-old woman presents with two days of right loin pain radiating to the groin, associated with shaking chills. Her temperature is 38.9°C, pulse 118/min a…

Pre-internship · middle twist

A 76-year-old woman taking perindopril for hypertension and regular ibuprofen for knee osteoarthritis presents after three days of vomiting and watery diarrhoea…

Clinical rotations · common

A 45-year-old woman has a 7-mm calculus in the distal ureter on non-contrast CT. Her pain is controlled with oral analgesia, creatinine is normal, and she is af…

Clinical rotations · middle twist

A 67-year-old woman develops oliguria and a creatinine rise from 84 to 310 micromol/L after several days of septic shock. Urinalysis shows 2+ blood but no signi…

Clinical rotations · common

A 31-year-old woman at 18 weeks' gestation presents with sudden left flank pain and microscopic haematuria. She is afebrile, her blood pressure is 126/74 mmHg a…

Clinical rotations · middle twist

A a 68-year-old man with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease presents with worsening kidney function over the past two weeks. He started a proton pump…

Clinical rotations · common

A 70-year-old man presents with dysuria, a slow urinary stream, and a feeling of incomplete emptying. Urinalysis shows leukocytes and nitrites. He is afebrile a…

Mechanisms of disease · common

A 21-year-old woman presents to the GP with urinary urgency, suprapubic discomfort, and dysuria. This is her third similar episode in the past year. She does no…

Mechanisms of disease · middle twist

Which of the following medications is commonly used to facilitate the passage of ureteral stones?

Clinical rotations · common